![]() ILF FA and IQ significantly mediated the relationship between BMI and verbal working memory performance, whereas SLF FA, but not IQ, significantly mediated the relationship between BMI and accuracy of both verbal and spatial working memory. Furthermore, BMI was negatively correlated with FA in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). Results: BMI was inversely related to IQ and verbal and spatial working memory accuracy however, there was no significant relationship between BMI and BOLD response for either verbal or spatial working memory. Methods: Linear regressions with BMI and (1) verbal working memory BOLD signal, (2) spatial working memory BOLD signal, and (3) fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure of WM microstructure, were conducted in a sample of 152 healthy adolescents ranging in BMI. The current study examined whether BMI was related to working memory performance and blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activity, as well as WM microstructure during adolescence. Objectives: Elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with deficits in working memory, reduced gray matter volume in frontal and parietal lobes, as well as changes in white matter (WM) microstructure. BDNF enhancing interventions (physical exercise and dietary restriction) could thus be used to improve executive function in these individuals. The BDNF pathway is thus a useful probable mechanism through which executive function decline occurs in individuals with high abdominal adiposity. Conclusions: The relationship between higher WHR and verbal fluency was fully statistically mediated by circulating BDNF levels. ![]() Linear regression and bootstrapping methods indicated that BDNF fully mediated the relationship between WHR and performance on the COWA (β=0.60 95% confidence interval ). Results: Higher WHR was significantly associated with poorer performance on the Controlled Oral Word Association (COWA) letter fluency test (β=−0.489 p=.003) and lower levels of circulating BDNF (β=−0.345 p=.006). Statistical mediation was assessed using traditional causal steps and nonparametric bootstrapping. Participants also completed a neuropsychological assessment battery to assess executive function. Abdominal adiposity was measured using a ratio of waist circumference to hip circumference (WHR). Methods: Fasting blood samples were obtained from 60 participants aged 40–60 years (mean± SD=52.3±5.6) and BDNF levels were assessed with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. As increased adiposity is also associated with lower circulating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key molecule modulating brain plasticity and neuronal regeneration, we hypothesized that the changes in cognition that occur as a result of excessive abdominal adiposity would be driven by lower levels of circulating BDNF. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood. Unsure of starting a family, John confides his fears to friend and fellow journalist Sebastian, who advises him to get a puppy.Objectives: Excessive adipose tissue, especially in the abdominal area, is associated with increased risk of dementia in older adults. Both journalists manage to find work on competing newspapers and settle into their new life together and possibly the life-changing decision to start a family. UK Certificate: PG contains one scene of mild violence, mild sex references and languageįed up with the much colder weather of Michigan, newlyweds John (Owen Wilson) and Jenny Grogan (Jennifer ) decide to move south to West Palm Beach. USA Rated: PG for thematic material, some suggestive content and language Cast: Owen Wilson, Jennifer Aniston, Eric Dane, Kathleen Turner, Alan Arkin, Nathan Gamble, Haley Bennett, Clarke Peters, Finley Jacobsen, Lucy Merriam, Bryce Robinson, Benjamin Hyland, Sarah O'Kelly, Keith Hudson, Haley Hudson, Tom Irwin, Alec Mapa, Sandy Martin, Joyce Van Patten, Zabryna Guevara, Megan Mazaika, Haley Higgins, Ana Ayora, Matthew J Walters
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